Assignment /4 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

/4 - Assignment Example No matter how good grammatical and phonetic skills of a speaker are, without developed lexical skills it is hard to build sentences and comprehend messages, whether oral or written. When one learns a new word and starts using it in speech, he/she might notice that this word appears more often in oral and written contexts. This phenomenon is not unique to learners of a second language and frequently happens in ones native language context as well. In case a learner starts using new word often he/she cant help ignoring the new word in every cluster of speech that contains the word. The thing is the new word could have been often overlooked by the learner before he/she fully understood the meaning of the word and learned to identify different connotations of such a word within a specific context. In my opinion, noticing the new word more often, both in oral and written contexts, depends largely on the learners perception. A learner starts recognizing the new word and pays attention to its specific meaning when he/she knows its general meaning. For instance, the word "destination" can have lots of connotations, such as a goal or a mission, but a learner frequently uses this word only in a specific context and doesnt notice using it much. Thus, one tracks the word down every time he/she experiences the new connotation of the word. This, in turn, builds up the feeling that such a word is more frequently used by other speakers than before. As a matter of fact, people always tend to identify things they know something about in the first place and neglect things they know little or nothing about. The same is true when it comes to the learning and using of new words, both in a native language and in a second language

General Systems Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

General Systems Theory - Essay Example Thus Soft Systems Methodology is more holistic in comparison with the conventional approach. It understands the features and the systems associated with the problem environment and use this understanding to tackle problem situations. 2. Issues around models vs empirical reality, and what is meant by the term â€Å"human activity systems†. Does he use the term differently from Checkland? The concept of human activity system is based on the assumption that real life problems situations arise as a consequence of a human action which is perceived to be meaningful. According to Checkland, the human activity systems are defined according to the meaning that the observer connects with the human action. However, the paper states that this approach is wrong. This approach limits the scope of modeling a human action based on a certain perspective. The same model would go wrong with people looking at the same action at a different perspective. Checkland used the term Weltanschauung to ex plain the perspective which makes a particular perspective meaningful. The article argues that a model which combines human activity systems and Weltanschauung of the observer can only properly explain a real life human activity. 3. The process of inquiry and models of SSM. Which of these models might be useful for the GST systems project? The process of inquiry includes five steps. The first is to have an investigation on the situation and have intuitive information on the situation. Second step is to name specific ideas within the situation which is relevant to understand the situation. Thirdly, formalize the ideas into models. The fourth step is to compare the formalized models with the features of the situation. The last step is evaluating the attitude towards the situation based on the new formalized model from the process of inquiry 4. â€Å"Problem solving† vs â€Å"changing a problem situation† ? what is the difference? Problem solving is the convention manager ial approach of formalizing systems in order to attain the achieved objectives of a system being in a problem context. Changing a problem situation involves intervention in creating a model helping the actors in a situation to understand the problem situation in such a way that they can intervene to tackle the situation. ? Concern seems to be shifted towards process issues – is this reasonable? By what viewpoints? The focus of Soft Systems Methodology is on changing the mechanisms associated with the problem and not on finding specific solution to the problem. Thus the approach would identify issues in these mechanisms which could be a part of the process. Thus in the Soft Systems Methodology the concern shifts towards process issues. This is quite reasonable as the conventional method limits in developing formalities so as to solve the problem where as SSM offers holistic change in the processes which in turn would offer sustainable development in the systems. Week 10 What b enefits did the use of SSM bring to this review (benefits that would not have been evident if another approach was used)? When Eva’s reorganization project was planned, its scope was limited to the Information systems department with the Information Department. The research department was out of the problem situa